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Amman Citadel
Jabal al-Qal'a, also called Amman Citadel is a national historic site at the center of downtown Amman, Jordan. Known in Arabic as Jabal al-Qal'a, the L-shaped hill is one of the seven jabals that originally made up Amman. Evidence of occupation since the pottery Neolithic period has been found, making it among the world's oldest continuously inhabited places.
The Amman Citadel’s history represents significant civilizations that stretched across continents and prospered for centuries, as one empire gave rise to the next. It also symbolizes the birth of the three great monotheistic religions - Judaism, Christianity and Islam.
Settlement at the Citadel extends over 7,000 years. The site represents a passage in time with an astounding open-air museum to explore as a part of the heritage of mankind.
The site has Biblical references, is associated with iconic deities, was besieged by wars, ruled by celebrated leaders, crushed by earthquakes and home to profoundly different cultures.
Though the fortification walls enclose the heart of the site, the ancient periods of occupation covered large areas. Historic structures, tombs, arches, walls and stairs have no modern borders, and therefore there is considerable archaeological potential at this site, as well as in surrounding lands, and throughout Amman.
The Amman Citadel is also the site of the first national Archaeological Museum, which is home to an extraordinary collection of these artifacts as well as objects from other Jordanian historic sites.
A great part of the Citadel remains unexcavated. These areas hold a promise of future discovery. With advances in scientific methods, exploration may soon be possible with minimal disturbance to historic layers of evidence.
Recent site improvement works led by the Greater Amman Municipality with the Department of Antiquities, the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities and the Jordan Tourism Development Project / USAID have been recently undertaken to make the Citadel site more accessible, better understood and welcoming, for the enjoyment of all visitors.
Although the Dead Sea would never entirely disappear (because evaporation slows down as surface area decreases and saltiness increases), measures are currently being proposed to siphon water from the Red Sea through a series of tunnels or canals in order to replentish the rapidly shrinking waters and provide water and electrical solutions to the surrounding countries.
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